Fingrs

Introduction:

Leukonychia (white nail) is identified with whithening nail or the presence of white spots on nails, she is the most common abnormality of the nail. Lekonychia includes three main types: The 1.True 2.Apparent The 3.Psudo L. Leukonychia punctata (LP) is a subtype of the common leukonychia.In true what type (LP) white dots or lines of 1-3mm diameter apear alone or in groups on the nails, and rarely on the feet nails.When nail grows distally, these points go with it, but nearly half the points fade when migrating towards the free edge of reason nail.The LP is repeated minor truama the nail cuticle (matrix or nail egmanicure ) that disrupts keratinization.Indeed the nail matrix, disorder or general news in the normal nail keratinization is not the only cause of LP, and air penetration into the skin parakeratosis could be related LP.Moreover, LP has been seen with alopecia areata.

Material and Method:

The research was designed by the method of observation and descriptive study, the study population was the girl students studying in an elementary school girl and all old.First were7-12 years, the volume of the sample was calculated by the statistical formula: n = [z * z (p) (1-p)] / (d * d)

n = [(1.96) (1.96) (0.5) (1-0.5 )]/[( 0.1 * 0.5) (0.1 * 0.5)]

= 400

n: sample volume

P: proportion of the sample elements THA attribute.Because including this proportion was not available, p = 0.5 was taken into account in the formula.

z ----- level Confidencial Confidencial level:

95 %----- z = 1.96

D: ------- accuracy of = 0.1 * p

Secondly, education and training (E & D) WSA No.2 selected item in E. & D. sections of Tehran by cluster sampling method, and an elementary school girl was chosen by No. 2 of Article method.Then same sample of 400 students studying in this school girl were selected and observed by those 417 simple random sampling.

The specific objective variable (dependent variable): Attendees: LP which is recognized by white spots and / or with 1-3 lines in diameter nails freeze. (Nominal Categorized)

Out of 400 students observed in this study were 131 persons LP fingernails, where the prevalence of LP in this statistical sample using the formula is 32.7%.

Prevalence = 131/400 = 32.7

Results:

The prevalence of Leukonychia punctata on the nails of students in an elementary school girl in Tehran during a school year was 32.7%.